Cataclysm Inscription

I trained Cataclysm Inscription in the shop in Orgrimmar when I was first picking Inscription up to level again here in Battle for Azeroth before I realized how different it was going to be this time & how some of the information for ink research on Wowhead is wrong, so I don't have the level of detail for observing what was automatic from training Cataclysm Inscription itself & what I had to pay separately for to train additionally at 1/75, so I will just start with saying what I have in my book to work with at skill level 1/75, trained from Nerog in "The Mighty Pen" (inscription shop) on the 2nd story ledge in The Drag neighborhood of Orgrimmar.

At 1/75:

Blackfallow Ink - starts out grey, so no ability to skill up from making this ink at all
Research: Blackfallow Ink - starts out orange
Scroll of Protection IX - starts out orange
Scroll of Intellect IX - starts out yellow
Mysterious Fortune Card - starts out orange

I began by researching the Blackfallow Ink and discovered the following glyphs, all of which are yellow as soon as you know them:

Glyph of Burning Anger for Warrior
Glyph of Crackling Tiger Lightning for Monk
*** Glyph of Crittermorph for Mage - this is not listed on the teaches tab for Blackfallow Research here on Wowhead
Glyph of Disguise for Rogue
Glyph of Shadowy Friends for Priest
Glyph of the Heavens for Priest
Glyph of the Ursol Chameleon for Druid
Glyph of Thunder Strike for Warrior

At 5/75, Protection IX turns yellow & Intellect IX turns green, and you are able to train Scroll of Versatility IX which is orange.

At 10/75 Intellect IX turns grey, all of the glyphs & Protection IX turn green, Versatility IX & Mysterious Fortune Card turn yellow, and you are able to train Scroll of Stamina IX from Nerog which is orange (as is research).

At this point you could choose to make the card or a scroll since they both take 1 ink. I decided to make the cards, and got 5/5 skill gains even though it had turned yellow.

At 15/75 Protection IX turns grey, Versatility IX turns green, Stamina IX turns yellow, and you can train Scroll of Strength IX from Nerog which is orange.

I decided to go ahead and make some more cards. I made 2 and got 2 skill ups, at which point (17/75) Mysterious Card turned green - again an odd time to change color, in general, but not the first time I've observed something do this in Inscription. For that 2nd batch of 5 cards, I only got 2 skill ups - none after it turned green, so I changed to making scrolls.

At 20/75 Versatility IX and all the glyphs turned grey, Stamina IX turns green, Strength IX turns yellow, and you can train Scroll of Agility IX from Nerog which is orange.

At 25/75 Strength IX turns green, Agility IX turns yellow, and you can train:

Inferno Ink (orange when you train it)
Book of Blood
Lord Rottington's Pressed Wisp Book

All three of which are orange when you train them, so if you have the pigments to create Inferno Ink, you can skill up with it. (If you don't have Cataclysm herbs, you can buy the inks from Sinzi Sparkscribe, the ink trader there in the shop in Dalaran: 1 Roseate Pigment -> 1 Blackfallow Ink, and 10 Roseate Pigment for 1 Inferno Ink.)

I chose to make Agility IX five more times, and even though it was yellow, I got 5/5 skill gains.

At 30/75 Inferno Ink turns yellow, Agility IX turns green, Strength IX turns grey, and you are able to train Key to the Planes, a staff.

To reach 50/75 in order to train some new things, the research is likely the most economical to grind at this point with 3 Blackfallow Ink.

At 32/75 Inferno Ink turns green.

At 35/75 Inferno Ink turns grey, as does Agility IX. Book of Blood & Lord Rottington's Pressed Wisp Book both turn yellow.

At 37/75 the two books both turn green, and they both turn grey at 40/75.

At 50/75 Key to the Planes turns yellow, and you are able to train:

Runescroll of Fortitude II
Felfire Inscription
Inscription of the Earth Prince
Lionsmane Inscription
Swiftsteel Inscription
Forged Documents:
Horde version
Alliance version

Runescroll of Fortitude II is orange in regards to skill gain, but makes a useless grey item that only sells to a vendor for 13s50c. The shoulder inscriptions are all green. Forged Documents are orange, but you can only make them once a day.

Key to the Planes turns green at either 52 or 53/75.

At 55/75 Runescroll of Fortitude II turns yellow, the shoulder inscriptions and Key to the Planes all turn grey, and you are now able to train Runed Staff from Nerog.

At 60/75 Runescroll of Fortitude II turns green, and you can train:

Battle Tome
Divine Companion
Dungeoneering Guide

All of these are orange when you train them, but they are also very ingredient intensive (in terms of not being great for leveling, unless you want the transmogs, of course).

At 65/75 Runed Staff turns yellow, and you can train Rosethorn Staff and Silver Inlaid Staff, both of which are orange.

At 67/75 Runescroll of Fortitude II turns grey.

At 70/75 Runed Staff turns green, and the 3 offhand books turn yellow & green at 72/75.

At 75/75 you can train Darkmoon Card of Destruction.